| Food Analysis Laboratory Control Center (FALCC)
The Food Analysis Laboratory Control Center (FALCC)
is located in 304 Engel Hall in the Virginia Tech Biochemistry
Department, with a satellite instrumentation facility
in 314 Litton-Reeves Hall.
Mission / Objectives
The mission of the FALCC is to perform accurate and precise chemical
analysis of nutrients and phytochemicals in foods and clinical research
diets, in support of epidemiological studies, clinical feeding trials,
and public health. A key part of this work involves developing and validating
analytical methods and and food based control materials for research applications, such as quantitation of
bioactive food components or nutrients for which food composition data
are lacking or inaccurate.
Areas of expertise
- Detailed analysis of phytosterols in foods, diets, and dietary supplements
- Analysis of folate vitamers in foods and diets by tri-enzyme extraction and LC-MS
- Validation and monitoring of research diet composition using chemical analysis
- Extensive experience in collecting and preparing food samples and diet
composites from statistical nationwide sampling plans and from clinical
feeding trials and analyzing these samples with rigorous quality control,
including validation of methodology
- Development of food-based quality control materials and protocols
- Maintenance of extensive –60oC
sample archives and sample data management system.
- Nutrient analyses
including fatty acids (including trans fatty acids), cholesterol,
vitamin C, folate, sugars, starch, dietary fiber, minerals,
proximates
Funding sources include the United States Department of Agriculture
Nutrient Data Laboratory, which maintains the
U.S. National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference;
Brigham and Women's Hospital;
Purity Life, Westat, the
National Institutes of Health (diet validation and monitoring for the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and DASH-Sodium feeding trials) and the
Dietary Effects on Lipoproteins and Thrombogenic Activity (DELTA) study; the
National Sunflower Association; and Nabisco Foods; the
National Cattlemen's Beef Association; the
The Mushroom Council; and the
New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene;
Staff
Katherine M. Phillips, Ph.D.
Senior Research Scientist, Director
kmpvpi@vt.edu
540-231-9960
Amy S. Rasor
Research Associate
arasor@vt.edu
540-231-9292
David M. Ruggio
Research Associate
dmr@vt.edu
540-231-4361 or 540-231-2306
Nancy A. Conley
Laboratory and Research Specialist, Sr.
nconley@vt.edu
540-231-4361
Karen R. Amanna, M.S.
Research Associate
kamanna@vt.edu
540-231-9292
Maria-Teresa Tarragó-Trani,
Ph.D.
Research Scientist
mtarrago@vt.edu
540-231-4361
Marlyn Cotty
Laboratory and Research Specialist
mcotty@vt.edu
231-4361
Susan Beck
Laboratory and Research Specialist
susab84@vt.edu
231-4361
Contact Info
Dr. Katherine M. Phillips
Department of Biochemistry (0308)
304 Engel Hall
Virginia Tech
Blacksburg, VA 24061
kmpvpi@vt.edu
Phone: 540-231-9960
FAX: 540-231-9070
Selected Publications
Phillips, K.M., Ruggio, D.M., Howe, .C., Leheska, J.M., Smith, S.B., Engle, T.,
Raor, A.., and Conley, N.A. (2010). Preparation and characterization of control materials
for the analysis of conjugated linoleic acid and trans-vaccenic acid in beef. Food
Research International, in press.
Phillips, K.M., Ruggio, D.M., and Amanna, K.R. (2010). Optimization of standard
gas chromatographic methodology for the determination of trans fat in unlabeled bakery products.
Food Anal. Methods, in press. DOI: 10.1007/s12161-010-9123-y
Phillips, K.M., Ruggio, D.M., Ashraf-Khorassani, M., Eitenmiller, R.R., Cho, S.,
Lemar, L.E., Perry, C.R., Pehrsson, P.R., and Holden, J.M.(2010). Folic acid content of ready-to-eat
cereals determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: comparison to product label and to
values determined by microbiological assay. Cereal Chem., 87(1):42–49. doi:10.1094/CCHEM-87-1-0042
Phillips, K.M., Tarragó-Trani, M.T., Gebhardt, S.E., Exler, J., Patterson, K.Y.,
Haytowitz, D.B., Pehrsson, P.R., and Holden, J.M. (2010) Stability of vitamin C in frozen raw
fruit and vegetable homogenates. J. Food Comp. Anal., 23: 253-259. DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2009.08.018
Phillips, K.M., Carlsen, M.H., and Blomhoff, R. (2009). Total antioxidant
content of alternatives to refined sugar. J. Amer. Diet. Assoc., 109:64-71.
Phillips, K.M., Byrdwell, W.C., Exler, J., Harnly, J., Holden, J.M., Holick, M.F.,
Hollis, B.W., Horst, R.L., Lemar, L.E., Patterson, K.Y., Tarrago-Trani, M.T., and Wolf, W.R. (2008).
Development and validation of control materials for the measurement of vitamin D3 in selected U.S.
foods. J. Food Comp. Anal., 21:527-534. DOI:10.16/j.jfca.2008.05.003
Phillips, K.M., Ruggio, D.M., and Amanna, K.R. (2008). Extended validation of a
simplified extraction and gravimetric determination of total fat to selected foods. J. Food Lipids,
15:309-325. DOI:10.1111/j.1745-4522.2008.00121.x
Phillips, K.M. Rasor, A.S., and Ruggio, D.M. (2008). Folate content of different
edible portions vegetables and fruits. Nutr.Food Sci., 38(2), 175-181.
Phillips, K.M., Patterson, K.Y., Wolf, W.R., Sharpless, K.E., and
Holden, J.M. (2007). Reference Materials to Evaluate Measurement Systems
for the Nutrient Composition of Foods:Results from USDA's National
Food and Nutrient Analysis Program. Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 389:219-229.
DOI 10.1007/s00216-007-1366-0
Phillips, K.M., Patterson, K.Y., Wolf, W.R., Sharpless, K.E., Amanna,
K.R., and Holden, J.M. (2007). Summary of Reference Materials for the
Determination of the Nutrient Composition of Foods: Results from USDA's
National Food and Nutrient Analysis Program. Accred. Qual. Assur.,
12:126-133. DOI: 10.1007/s00769-007-0257-6
Phillips, K.M., Ruggio, D.M., Ashraf-Khorassani, M.,
Haytowitz, D.B. (2006). Difference
in Folate Content of Green and Red Sweet Peppers (Capsicum annuum)
Determined
by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, J. Agric. Food Chem.,
54,9998-10002.
Halvorsen, B.L., Carlsen, M.H., Phillips, K.M., Bøhn,
S.K., Holte, K., Jacobs,
D.R., Jr., and Blomhoff, R. (2006) The Content of Redox Active
Compounds (i.e.
Antioxidants) in Foods Consumed in the United States, Am. J.
Clin. Nutr. 84,
95-135.
Phillips. K.M.,, Patterson, K.Y., Rasor, A.R., Exler,
J., Haytowitz, D.M.,
Holden, J.M., and Pehrsson, P. R. (2006). The Role of Quality
Control and
Reference Materials in the National Food and Nutrient Analysis
Program.Anal.
Bianal. Chem., 384:1341-1355. (DOI, 10.1007/s002-005-00294-0)
Tarrago-Trani, M.T., Lemar, L., and Holden J.M. (2006).
New and Existing Oils
and Fat Used in Products with Reduced Trans Fatty Acid Content
J. Amer. Diet.
Assoc., 106: 867-880.
Phillips, K.M., Ruggio, D.M., and Ashraf-Khorassani,
M. (2005). Phytosterol Composition of Nuts and Seeds Commonly
Consumed in the United States, J.
Agric. Food Chem., 53:9436-9445.
Phillips, K.M.,Ruggio, D.M., and Ashraf-Khorassani, M. (2005) Analysis
of Steryl Glucosides in Foods and Dietary Supplements by Solid-Phase
Extraction and Gas Chromatography. J. Food Lipids, 12, 124-140.
Phillips, K.M., Wunderlich, K.M., Exler, J., Holden, J.M., Gebhardt,
S.E., Haytowitz, D.B., Beecher, G.R., and Doherty, R.F. (2005). Stability
of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate in fresh frozen fruits and vegetables. Food
Chem., 94(2), 587-595.
Koontz, J.L., Phillips, K.M., Wunderlich, K.M., Exler,
J., Holden, J.M.,
Gebhardt, S.E., and Haytowitz, D.B. (2005) Comparison of Total
Folate
Concentration in Foods Determined by Microbiological Assay at
Several
Experienced Laboratories, J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem., 88(3),
805-813.
Phillips, K.M., Ruggio, D.M., Toivo, J.I., Swank, M.A. Simpkins, A.H.
(2002). Free and Esterified Sterol Composition of Edible Oils Determined
by Solid-Phase Extraction and Gas-Liquid Chromatography. J. Food Comp.
Anal.,15: 123 142.
Toivo, J., Phillips, K., Lampi, A.-M., Piironen, V. (2002). Determination
of Sterols in Foods: Recovery of Free, Esterified, and Glycosidic Sterols.
J. Food Comp. Anal., 14:631 643.
Holliday, R. and Phillips, K. (2001). Health benefits of the
sunflower kernel. Cereal Foods World, 46:205-208.
Phillips, K. M., Simpkins, A.H., Amanna, K.R. Wolf,, W., Stewart, K.K.,
Clark, S., Kim, K. P., Beecher, G.R., and Holden, J. (2001). Long-term
stability of nutrients in a frozen mixed food control material, Fres.
J. Anal. Chem., 370:297-302.
Piironen, V., Toivo, J.,
Phillips, K., Lampi, A. M. & Laukkanen,
L. (2000). Determination of total sterols in foods. Proceedings,
COST 916, Gothenburg, Sweden. pp. 75 77.
Phillips, K.M., Ruggio, D.M., and Bailey, J.A. (1999). Precise Quantitative
Analysis of Phytosterols, Stanols, and Cholesterol Metabolites in Human
Serum by Capillary Gas Chromatography. J. Chrom B Biomed. Sci. Appl.,
732:17-29.
Phillips, K.M. and Stewart, K.K. (1999). Validation of Diet Composition
by Chemical Analysis, Chapter 22 in Well-Controlled Diet Studies in Humans:
A Practical Guide to Design and Management, Dennis, B.H., Ershow, A.,
Obarzanek, E., Clevidence, B. (Eds.). Chicago, IL: American Dietetic
Association.
Phillips, K.M., Tarrago-Trani, M.T., and Stewart, K.K. (1999). Phytosterol
Content of Experimental Diets Differing in Fatty Acid Composition.
Food Chem., 64:415-422.
Phillips, K.M., Stewart, K.K., Karanja, N.M., Windhauser, M.M., Champagne,
C.M., Swain, J.F., Lin, P.-H., and Evans, M.A. for the DASH Collaborative
Research Group (1999). Validation of diet composition for the Dietary
Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) trial, J. Amer. Diet. Assoc.,
99:S60-S68.
Karanja, N., Obarzanek, E., McCullough, M., Phillips, K., Swain, J.,
Champagne, C., and Hoben, K. (1999). Descriptive Characteristics of the
Dietary Patterns Used in the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension
(DASH) Study. J. Amer. Diet. Assoc., 99:S19-S27.
McCullough, M.L., Karanja, N.M., Lin, P.-H., Obarzanek, E., Phillips,
K.M., Laws, R.L., Vollmer, W.M., O'Connor, E.A., Champagne, C.M., and
Windhauser, M.M. (1999). Comparison of 4 Nutrient Databases with Chemical
Composition Data from the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)
Trial. J. Amer. Diet. Assoc., 99:S45 -S53.
Toivo, J., Phillips, K., Lampi, A.-M., Piironen, V. (1998). Plant Sterols
and Cholesterol in Different Types of Diets. In: Advances in Plant Lipid
Research, Sanchez, J., Cerda-Olmedo, G., and Martinez-Force, E. (Eds.),
pp. 478-480, Universisdad de Sevilla, Spain.
Dennis, B.H., Champagne, C., Ershow, A., Karmally, W., Kris-Etherton,
P.M., Phillips, K.M., Stewart, K.K., Stewart, P.W., Van Heel, N., Wang,
C.-H., Windhauser, M., and Farhat-Wood, A. for the DELTA Investigators
(1998). Diet Design for a Multicenter Controlled Feeding Trial: The DELTA
Program. J.Amer. Diet. Assoc., 98:766-76.
Ginsberg, H.N., Kris-Etherton, P., Dennis, B., Elmer, P.J., Ershow,
A., Lefevre, M., Pearson, T., Roheim, P., Ramakrishnan, R., Reed, R.,
Stewart, K., Phillips, K., Anderson, N., for the DELTA Investigators.
(1998). Effects of Reducing Dietary Saturated Fatty Acids on Plasma Lipids
and Lipoproteins in Healthy Subjects. The DELTA Study, Protocol 1. Arterioscler.
Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 1998; 18:441-49.
Kris Etherton, P.M., Etherton, T.D., Pearson, T.A., Phillips, K., Reed,
R., Windhauser, M., Champagne, C., Lefevre, M. (1998). Stanol supplemented
margarine (SM) lowers LDL C in moderately hypercholesterolemic subjects
fed an average American diet (AAD). FASEB J 12:A206.
Phillips, K.M., Tarragó-Trani,
M.T., Grove, T.M., Gruen, I., Lugogo, R., Harris, R.F., Stewart,
K.K. (1997). Simplified Gravimetric
Determination of Total Fat in Mixed Food Composites After Chloroform/Methanol
Extraction. J. Amer. Oil Chem. Soc., 74:137-142.
Cranker, K.J., Phillips, K.M., and Stewart, K.K. (1997). Fine Tuning
a Bile-Enzymatic-Gravimetric Total Dietary Fiber Method. J. Assoc. Off.
Anal. Chem. Intl.,80:89-94.
Cranker, K.J., Phillips, K.M., and Stewart, K.K. (1997). The Effect
of Seeds on Bile-Enzymatic-Gravimetric Analysis of Total Dietary Fiber.
J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. Intl.,80:95-97.
Phillips, K.M., Lugogo, R., Harris, R.F., and Stewart, K.K. (1997).
Direct Determination of trans-Octadecenoic Acid in Diet Composites Using
Silver Ion High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Capillary Gas Chromatography.
J. Food Lipids, 4:173-188.
Phillips, K.M. for the DELTA Investigators (1996). Diet Composition
Validation and Monitoring As Part of a Multicenter Clinical Feeding Trial
of Step 1, High Monounsaturated Fat, and Average American Diets. FASEB
J.; 10: A462.
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